Completed in 1791, the church at Mission San Francisco de Asís, also known as Mission Dolores, still stands in territory in present-day San Francisco. Spanish priests hoped baptized , , , , and kept at Mission Dolores would fully accept the Catholic religion and to Spanish culture. The Spanish forced Native people to build the mission and then do all the work needed to run it, including planting crops, caring for livestock, blacksmithing, carpentry, weaving, and making candles and soap. The missionaries also forced Native people to attend church services, practice Catholic , and learn the Spanish language and customs. However, as members of different tribes married one another, Native peoples at Mission Dolores created a new kind of community with mixed languages and a blending of cultural traditions from more than one tribe.1 Even though Spanish missionaries were watching them, the Native artists chose to paint traditional basket designs across the entire ceiling of the church at Mission Dolores.
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Source Analysis Questions
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Based on the video source, what was used to create the colors on the ceiling? Why are the paint colors important? What else do the Ohlone use them for?
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What do you think this ceiling means to Ohlone, Coast Miwok, Bay Miwok, Patwin, and Wappo peoples today?
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Ohlone master basket weaver Linda Yamane holds a ceremonial basket she made from traditional California native plant materials. Red feathers and white shell disk beads were incorporated into the stitches to create the basket's pattern as it was being woven. Sparkling pieces of dangling abalone shell finish off the basket's special decoration. Her ceremonial basket features colors and shapes similar to the ceiling at Mission Dolores.
Photo by Linda Yamane, 2022. The background image is from Pruristac Village by Amy Hosa and Linda Yamane, 2019, created for the San Mateo County Historical Association Collection. (2019.43.1)